Anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) continues to be a dynamic subject area. Dirty money has again been revised and expanded to keep pace with international developments over recent years, and this is the fourth edition. Since the third edition, all countries in the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and MONEYVAL, the Council of Europe's primary AML/CFT monitoring arm, have been subject to detailed evaluation under the 2003 FATF recommendations. This edition explains how the interdependent network of global assessment bodies works to identify countries which pose threats to the global financial system. The European Union's third directive has been brought into force since the last edition and its provisions are fully analysed. This edition also explains how the most recent Council of Europe treaty in this area, the Warsaw convention, which came into force in 2008, can assist states to achieve more effective money laundering investigations and prosecutions, as well as deterrent confiscation orders. This book, as with the previous editions, is designed for a wide audience, not only actors in national AML/CFT systems in both the public and private sectors, but also all those who simply wish to be better informed about how the international community continues to fight these truly global threats.